rwsilk2ipfix(1)

NAME
rwsilk2ipfix - Convert SiLK Flow records to IPFIX records

SYNOPSIS
  rwsilk2ipfix [--ipfix-output=PATH] [--no-site-name-elements]
        [--print-statistics] [--single-template]
        [--site-config-file=FILENAME]
        {[--xargs] | [--xargs=FILENAME] | [FILE [FILE ...]]}

  rwsilk2ipfix --help

  rwsilk2ipfix --version

DESCRIPTION
rwsilk2ipfix reads SiLK Flow records, converts the records to an IPFIX (Internet Protocol Flow Information eXport) format, and writes the IPFIX records to the path specified by --ipfix-output or to the standard output when the --ipfix-output switch is not provided and standard output is not the terminal.

rwsilk2ipfix reads SiLK Flow records from the files named on the command line or from the standard input when no file names are specified and --xargs is not present. To read the standard input in addition to the named files, use "-" or "stdin" as a file name. If an input file name ends in ".gz", the file is uncompressed as it is read. When the --xargs switch is provided, rwsilk2ipfix reads the names of the files to process from the named text file or from the standard input if no file name argument is provided to the switch. The input to --xargs must contain one file name per line.

The IPFIX records generated by rwsilk2ipfix will contain ten information elements that are in the Private Enterprise space for CERT (the IPFIX Private Enterprise Number of CERT is 6871). These ten information elements fall into three groups:

•   Elements 30 and 31 contain the packing information that was determined by rwflowpack(8), specifically the flowtype and the sensor. These values correspond to numbers specified in the site configuration file, silk.conf(5).

•   Elements 938, 939, 940, and 941 contain the names that correspond to the values in elements 30 and 31. These elements are not exported if rwsilk2ipfix is unable to find the silk.conf file or if the --no-site-name-elements switch is provided. Since SiLK 3.20.0.

•   Elements 14, 15, 32, and 33 contain information elements generated by the yaf(1) flow meter (<http://tools.netsa.cert.org/yaf/>). The information elements may be present even if yaf was not used to generate the flow records, but their value will be empty or 0.

For each of the ten information elements that rwsilk2ipfix produces, the following table lists its numeric ID, its length in octets (or "v" for variable length), its name, the field name it corresponds to on rwcut(1), and a brief description.

  30  1  silkFlowtypeId    class & type   How rwflowpack categorized
                                          the flow record
  31  2  silkSensorId      sensor         Sensor where the flow was
                                          collected
 938  v  silkFlowtypeName  -              Name of the silkFlowtypeId
                                          as read from F<silk.conf>
 939  v  silkClassName     class          Class name derived from
                                          the silkFlowtypeId
 940  v  silkTypeName      type           Type name derived from the
                                          silkFlowtypeId
 941  v  silkSensorName    sensor         Name of the silkSensorId
                                          as read from F<silk.conf>
  14  1  initialTCPFlags   initialFlags   TCP flags on first packet in
                                          the flow record
  15  1  unionTCPFlags     sessionFlags   TCP flags on all packets in
                                          the flow except the first
  32  1  silkTCPState      attributes     Flow continuation attributes
                                          set by generator
  33  2  silkAppLabel      application    Guess by flow generator as
                                          to the content of traffic

Note: Elements 30 and 31, silkFlowtypeId and silkSensorId, may appear as silkFlowType and silkFlowSensor in some documentation.

  Templates
Since SiLK 3.12.0, rwsilk2ipfix has used ten different IPFIX templates for writing SiLK Flow records. The --single-template switch causes rwsilk2ipfix to revert to its previous behavior and use a single template for all records.

In SiLK 3.20.0, four additional elements (Elements 938--941) providing the names of the SiLK class, type, and sensor were added to templates used for multi-template output. These elements are variable length and they are not included if the site configuration file (silk.conf(5)) is not available or if the --no-site-name-elements option is given.

SiLK 3.23.0 changed the elements used for exporting the timestamps to flowStartMicroseconds and flowEndMicroseconds. Previously the templates used millisecond timestamps. This change does not apply to the --single-template output.

1.  Template ID 0x9DD0 (40400), for IPv4 records whose protocol is not ICMP, ICMPv6, UDP, SCTP, or TCP:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35- 38    sourceIPv4Address (8)             12    sIP
      39- 42    destinationIPv4Address (12)       13    dIP
      43- 46    ipNextHopIPv4Address (15)         14    nhIP
      47-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      15    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         16    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          17    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        18    sensor

2.  Template ID 0x9DD1 (40401), for ICMP IPv4 records:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35- 36    icmpTypeCodeIPv4                  12    dPort
      37- 40    sourceIPv4Address (8)             13    sIP
      41- 44    destinationIPv4Address (12)       14    dIP
      45- 48    ipNextHopIPv4Address (15)         15    nhIP
      49-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      16    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         17    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          18    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        19    sensor

3.  Template ID 0x9DD2 (40402), for IPv4 records whose protocol is UDP or SCTP:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35- 36    sourceTransportPort (7)           12    sPort
      37- 38    destinationTransportPort (11)     13    dPort
      39- 42    sourceIPv4Address (8)             14    sIP
      43- 46    destinationIPv4Address (12)       15    sIP
      47- 50    ipNextHopIPv4Address (15)         16    nhIP
      51-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      17    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         18    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          19    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        20    sensor

4.  Template ID 0x9DD3 (40403), for IPv4 records whose protocol is TCP and that do not have the expanded TCP flags fields (initial flags and session flags):

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35        tcpControlBits (6)                12    flags
      36- 37    sourceTransportPort (7)           13    sPort
      38- 39    destinationTransportPort (11)     14    dPort
      40- 43    sourceIPv4Address (8)             15    sIP
      44- 47    destinationIPv4Address (12)       16    dIP
      48- 51    ipNextHopIPv4Address (15)         17    nhIP
      52-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      18    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         19    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          20    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        21    sensor

5.  Template ID 0x9DD4 (40404), for IPv4 records whose protocol is TCP and that have have the initial flags and session flags fields:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35        initialTCPFlags (6871, 14)        12    initialFlags
      36        unionTCPFlags (6871, 15)          13    sessionFlags
      37        tcpControlBits (6)                14    flags
      38- 39    sourceTransportPort (7)           15    sPort
      40- 41    destinationTransportPort (11)     16    dPort
      42- 45    sourceIPv4Address (8)             17    sIP
      46- 49    destinationIPv4Address (12)       18    dIP
      50- 53    ipNextHopIPv4Address (15)         19    nhIP
      54-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      20    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         21    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          22    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        23    sensor

6.  Template ID 0x9ED0 (40656), for IPv6 records whose protocol is not ICMP, ICMPv6, UDP, SCTP, or TCP:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35- 50    sourceIPv6Address (27)            12    sIP
      51- 66    destinationIPv6Address (28)       13    dIP
      67- 82    ipNextHopIPv6Address (62)         14    nhIP
      83-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      15    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         16    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          17    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        18    sensor

7.  Template ID 0x9ED1 (40657), for ICMPv6 IPv6 records:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35- 36    icmpTypeCodeIPv6                  12    dPort
      37- 52    sourceIPv6Address (27)            13    sIP
      53- 68    destinationIPv6Address (28)       14    dIP
      69- 84    ipNextHopIPv6Address (62)         15    nhIP
      85-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      16    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         17    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          18    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        19    sensor

8.  Template ID 0x9ED2 (40658), for IPv6 records whose protocol is UDP or SCTP:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35- 36    sourceTransportPort (7)           12    sPort
      37- 38    destinationTransportPort (11)     13    dPort
      39- 54    sourceIPv6Address (27)            14    sIP
      55- 70    destinationIPv6Address (28)       15    dIP
      71- 86    ipNextHopIPv6Address (62)         16    nhIP
      87-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      17    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         18    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          19    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        20    sensor

9.  Template ID 0x9ED3 (40659), for IPv6 records whose protocol is TCP and that do not have the expanded TCP flags fields (initial flags and session flags):

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35        tcpControlBits (6)                12    flags
      36- 37    sourceTransportPort (7)           13    sPort
      38- 39    destinationTransportPort (11)     14    dPort
      40- 55    sourceIPv6Address (27)            15    sIP
      56- 71    destinationIPv6Address (28)       16    dIP
      72- 87    ipNextHopIPv6Address (62)         17    nhIP
      88-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      18    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         19    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          20    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        21    sensor

10. Template ID 0x9ED4 (40660), for IPv6 records whose protocol is TCP and that have have the initial flags and session flags fields:

      OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
     =======    =============================    ===    =============
       0-  7    flowStartMicroseconds (152)        1    sTime
       8- 15    flowEndMicroseconds (153)          2    eTime
      16- 19    packetDeltaCount (2)               3    packets
      20- 23    octetDeltaCount (1)                4    bytes
      24- 25    ingressInterface (10)              5    in
      26- 27    egressInterface (14)               6    out
      28- 29    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)            7    application
      30- 31    silkSensorId (6871, 31)            8    sensor
      32        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)          9    class & type
      33        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           10    attributes
      34        protocolIdentifier (4)            11    protocol
      35        initialTCPFlags (6871, 14)        12    initialFlags
      36        unionTCPFlags (6871, 15)          13    sessionFlags
      37        tcpControlBits (6)                14    flags
      38- 39    sourceTransportPort (7)           15    sPort
      40- 41    destinationTransportPort (11)     16    dPort
      42- 57    sourceIPv6Address (27)            17    sIP
      58- 73    destinationIPv6Address (28)       18    dIP
      74- 89    ipNextHopIPv6Address (62)         19    nhIP
      90-  v    silkFlowtypeName (6871, 938)      20    class & type
       v-  v    silkClassName (6871, 939)         21    class
       v-  v    silkTypeName (6871, 940)          22    type
       v-  v    silkSensorName (6871, 941)        23    sensor

When the --single-template switch is provided, rwipfix2silk uses a single IPFIX template for all records. That template has ID 0xAFEA (45034) and contains the following information elements:

  OCTETS    INFORMATION ELEMENT (PEN, ID)    POS    SILK FIELD
 =======    =============================    ===    =============
   0-  7    flowStartMilliseconds (152)        1    sTime
   8- 15    flowEndMilliseconds (153)          2    eTime
  16- 31    sourceIPv6Address (27)             3    sIP
  32- 47    destinationIPv6Address (28)        4    dIP
  48- 51    sourceIPv4Address (8)              5    sIP
  52- 55    destinationIPv4Address (12)        6    dIP
  56- 57    sourceTransportPort (7)            7    sPort
  58- 59    destinationTransportPort (11)      8    dPort
  60- 63    ipNextHopIPv4Address (15)          9    nhIP
  64- 79    ipNextHopIPv6Address (62)         10    nhIP
  80- 83    ingressInterface (10)             11    in
  84- 87    egressInterface (14)              12    out
  88- 95    packetDeltaCount (2)              13    packets
  96-103    octetDeltaCount (1)               14    bytes
 104        protocolIdentifier (4)            15    protocol
 105        silkFlowtypeId (6871, 30)         16    class & type
 106-107    silkSensorId (6871, 31)           17    sensor
 108        tcpControlBits (6)                18    flags
 109        initialTCPFlags (6871, 14)        19    initialFlags
 110        unionTCPFlags (6871, 15)          20    sessionFlags
 111        silkTCPState (6871, 32)           21    attributes
 112-113    silkAppLabel (6871, 33)           22    application
 114-119    paddingOctets (210)               23    -

Note that the template contains both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. One set of those addresses contains the IP addresses and the other set contains only zeros. The template never includes elements 938--941.

OPTIONS
Option names may be abbreviated if the abbreviation is unique or is an exact match for an option. A parameter to an option may be specified as --arg=param or --arg param, though the first form is required for options that take optional parameters.

--ipfix-output=PATH
    Write the IPFIX records to PATH, where PATH is a filename, a named pipe, the keyword "stderr" to write the output to the standard error, or the keyword "stdout" or "-" to write the output to the standard output. If PATH names an existing file, rwsilk2ipfix exits with an error unless the SILK_CLOBBER environment variable is set, in which case PATH is overwritten. If this switch is not given, the output is written to the standard output. Attempting to write the binary output to a terminal causes rwipfix2silk to exit with an error.

--no-site-name-elements
    Do not export the elements that use the site configuration file (silk.conf(5)) to get the names of the flowtype, class, type, and sensor. That is, do not include silkFlowtypeName, silkClassName, silkTypeName, and silkSensorName in the exported templates and records. Since SiLK 3.20.0.

--print-statistics
    Print, to the standard error, the number of records that were written to the IPFIX output file.

--single-template
    Use a single IPFIX template for all records. Using this switch produces output identical to that produced by rwsilk2ipfix from SiLK 3.11.0 and earlier. Since SiLK 3.12.0.

--site-config-file=FILENAME
    Read the SiLK site configuration from the named file FILENAME. When this switch is not provided, rwsilk2ipfix searches for the site configuration file in the locations specified in the "FILES" section.

--xargs
--xargs=FILENAME
    Read the names of the input files from FILENAME or from the standard input if FILENAME is not provided. The input is expected to have one filename per line. rwsilk2ipfix opens each named file in turn and reads records from it as if the filenames had been listed on the command line.

--help
    Print the available options and exit.

--version
    Print the version number and information about how SiLK was configured, then exit the application.

EXAMPLES
In the following examples, the dollar sign ("$") represents the shell prompt. The text after the dollar sign represents the command line.

To convert the SiLK file silk.rw into an IPFIX format and store the results in ipfix.dat:

 $ rwsilk2ipfix --ipfix-output=ipfix.dat silk.rw

To view the contents of ipfix.dat using the yafscii(1) tool (see <http://tools.netsa.cert.org/yaf/>):

 $ yafscii --in=ipfix.dat --out=-

To view the contents of ipfix.dat using the ipfixDump(1) tool (see <http://tools.netsa.cert.org/yaf/>):

 $ ipfixDump --yaf --in=ipfix.dat --out=-

Use the rwipfix2silk(1) tool to convert the IPFIX file back into SiLK Flow format:

 $ rwipfix2silk --silk-output=silk2.rw ipfix.dat

ENVIRONMENT

SILK_CLOBBER
    The SiLK tools normally refuse to overwrite existing files. Setting SILK_CLOBBER to a non-empty value removes this restriction.

SILK_CONFIG_FILE
    This environment variable is used as the value for the --site-config-file when that switch is not provided.

SILK_DATA_ROOTDIR
    This environment variable specifies the root directory of data repository. As described in the "FILES" section, rwsilk2ipfix may use this environment variable when searching for the SiLK site configuration file.

SILK_PATH
    This environment variable gives the root of the install tree. When searching for configuration files, rwsilk2ipfix may use this environment variable. See the "FILES" section for details.

FILES

${SILK_CONFIG_FILE}
${SILK_DATA_ROOTDIR}/silk.conf
/usr/share/silk/silk.conf
${SILK_PATH}/share/silk/silk.conf
${SILK_PATH}/share/silk.conf
/usr/share/silk/silk.conf
/usr/share/silk.conf
    Possible locations for the SiLK site configuration file which are checked when the --site-config-file switch is not provided.

SEE ALSO
rwipfix2silk(1), rwcut(1), rwflowpack(8), silk.conf(5), silk(7), yaf(1), yafscii(1), ipfixDump(1), applabel(1)